A Deep Dive into Equipment Rental Business Profitability and Unit Economics

Written by
Akseli Lehtonen
Published on
May 6, 2025
May 7, 2025
Published on
May 7, 2025
Updated on
May 6, 2025
May 7, 2025

As consumers shift toward access over ownership and businesses search for more resilient, capital-efficient revenue streams, rental is no longer a trend — it is a profitable business opportunity for both new entrepreneurs and mature brands and retailers. The equipment rental industry is experiencing significant growth and profitability across various sectors, including heavy machinery, audio/video technology, and outdoor adventure gear. This steady demand for rental services highlights the rental industry's potential for generating substantial revenue as businesses and individuals look for cost-effective alternatives to purchasing expensive equipment outright. But while the market demand is growing, the profits don’t come easy.

A successful rental business isn’t built on vibes, Instagram ads, or stacks of unused rental equipment. It’s built on unit economics — tight control over costs, inventory utilization, pricing, and customer lifecycle value. You don’t scale by buying more inventory. You scale by optimizing the profit margin of each item.

In this guide, we’ll break down what actually drives profitability in rental businesses — from equipment utilization rates to hybrid retail-rental models and resale economics. Whether you’re still exploring the profitable rental business ideas or already running a rental operation, this is your no-nonsense guide to making money with rentals.

How Equipment Rental Businesses Make Money

Rental businesses aren’t about the one-time sale. They’re about repeatable revenue, built on operational efficiency and efficient rental fleet management. At their core, equipment rental businesses make money by turning fixed assets — tools, gear, vehicles, etc. — into high-yield revenue streams through repeated use. Integrating complementary services such as delivery, maintenance, and training can further enhance these revenue streams.

Here’s what drives that revenue:

Model Description Examples Best For
One-Off Rental Fees Transactional income based on time or usage. Customers pay per booking. €50/day for a concrete mixer
€20/hour for a trailer
Infrequent or seasonal users
Event- or project-based rentals
Recurring Rental Fees Subscription-based model where customers pay for ongoing or flexible access to gear. €49/month for unlimited use
€29/month for five rental days per month
Power users
Frequent renters
Customers needing predictable access
Value-Added Services Additional paid options layered onto the rental for convenience or protection. Delivery & pickup
Tours, Lessons, Courses
Installation or setup
Extra insurance
Customers seeking convenience
Safety or time savings
Deposits and Fees Security deposits or penalty-based revenue to reduce risk and protect asset value. €100 refundable deposit
Late return fees
Damage charges
High-value rentals
Reducing loss or abuse risk
Resale of Used Inventory Selling decommissioned rental items to recover value after their rental lifecycle. €500 for a 3-year-old DSLR camera
“Buy the item you just rented” offer
Extending asset value
Funding inventory refresh cycles

Each of these plays a role in your total revenue per transaction, and some (like value-added services) can meaningfully increase average order value without increasing operational complexity.

What It Costs to Run a Rental Business

Revenue is only half the story. The real margin comes from managing costs — and rental businesses face a different cost structure than traditional retail. You’re not just buying and flipping inventory. You’re managing assets over time, and that comes with recurring operating costs.

Here’s what typically makes up your Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) and Operating Expenses (OPEX) in a rental business.

Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) in Rental

These are the direct costs associated with making a product “rentable”:

COGS Category Description Examples Notes
Upfront Inventory Cost Initial purchase of rentable items. Buying a €1,000 cement mixer or €500 e-bike Amortized over multiple rentals; influences breakeven timeline
Preparation Costs Getting items rental-ready. Includes tagging, inspection, and packaging. Barcode setup, protective casing, product onboarding Often a one-time cost per item
Depreciation Ongoing reduction in asset value with each rental or over time. €100/month decline in resale value of a trailer Should be tracked per item to inform resale or retirement timing
Maintenance and Repairs Routine and reactive servicing to keep gear rentable and safe. Tire replacements, tool sharpening, battery swaps Directly impacts asset lifespan and downtime

Operating Costs (OPEX)

These are the costs tied to running and scaling the rental operation day-to-day:

OPEX Category Description Examples Notes
Rent & Utilities Facility-related fixed costs for operating physical locations. Electricity, Wi-Fi, water, retail lease or warehouse rent Typically fixed monthly costs; affect cash flow planning
Labor Staff time for logistics, customer service, maintenance, and check-in/out workflows. In-store staff, warehouse pickers, delivery drivers Can be reduced through automation
Logistics Delivery, pickups, and product transfers between locations. Van rentals, third-party couriers, fuel Grows with geographic reach or customer convenience offerings
Software & Tools Systems required to manage bookings, inventory, and operations. TWICE Commerce platform, CRM, support tools High ROI category — directly affects efficiency
Insurance & Liability Protection against damage, theft, or injury during use. Product insurance, liability coverage Often required for high-value or regulated rentals
Marketing Cost to acquire and retain customers. Paid ads, Website, SEO, email campaigns Subscription models reduce CAC over time
Payment Fees Transaction costs tied to credit cards, platforms, or payment gateways. Stripe or Paytrail fees (e.g. 2.9% + €0.30) Varies by provider and volume

Unit Economics of Equipment Rental Companies: Breaking Down the Numbers

Rental businesses don’t live or die on overall revenue — they win on unit-level profitability. Every item in your fleet is a line on your income statement. If you don’t know how fast it pays itself off and how much it earns over time, you’re flying blind.

Let’s break it down like an operator, not an influencer.

Step 1: Know the Breakeven Point per Item

You bought a trailer for €1,000. You rent it out for €20/day. Every rental comes with around €10 in direct servicing costs.

Net per rental: €10

Breakeven = €1,000 / €10 = ~100 rentals

So, after 100 clean rentals, that trailer has paid for itself. Everything after that is profit — assuming it doesn’t sit idle.

Step 2: Model the Monthly ROI

Let’s say you rent it out 12 days/month:

  • Rental revenue: €20 × 12 = €240
  • Operating costs (cleaning, labor, storage): ~€120
  • Net margin: €120/month

Your payback period is about 8.5 months. After that, every month is net positive until the item is retired or resold.

Step 3: Factor in Resale Value

If you resell the item after 18 months for €300, that’s extra upside. With TWICE, you can even automate resale pricing based on depreciation and usage history.

This model turns your trailer into three revenue phases:

  1. Rental ROI
  2. Operational breakeven
  3. Resale recovery

Step 4: Build for Repeatability

You don’t need a perfect margin on every item — but you do need predictability across categories. The goal is to:

  • Standardize payback periods (e.g. < 90 days)
  • Minimize idle days per month
  • Increase LTV per asset via maintenance + resale strategy

With TWICE, you can track all of this in real time — per item, per category, or per storefront

Benchmarks to Aim For

Utilization goals vary by category. Here are rough guidelines:

Equipment Type COGS ($) Est. Lifecycle Turns Est. Utilization Rate (%) Avg. Rental Price per Turn ($) Avg. OPEX per Turn ($) Resale Value ($) Revenue Potential ($) Net Profit Potential ($) Net Profit Margin (%) Turns to Breakeven Time to Breakeven (months)
Bikes / E-Bikes 1000 200 50% 40 10 300 8300 5300 63.86% 23 1.6
Kayaks 600 200 40% 20 5 150 4150 2550 61.45% 30 2.5
Clothing (e.g. designer dress) 800 20 20% 60 20 500 1700 500 29.41% 8 1.3
Tables & Chairs 100 100 40% 10 2 20 1020 720 70.59% 10 0.8
Utility Trailers 1500 300 50% 20 5 500 6500 3500 53.85% 67 4.4
Baby Equipment (e.g. strollers) 800 200 50% 20 10 500 4500 1700 37.78% 30 2.0
Vehicles (e.g. passenger car) 30000 400 60% 100 30 15000 55000 13000 23.64% 214 11.9

ℹ️ Note:

The above figures assume that the rental business pays the full COGS (Cost of Goods Sold) upfront. While this is sometimes the case, especially for lower-cost categories, it's more common in high-value categories for the fleet to be financed and paid off over time. In those cases, cash flow performance often looks significantly stronger than these breakeven and profit figures suggest — especially in the early months of operation. Always pair unit economics with cash flow modeling to get the full financial picture.

Unit Economics of Rental Equipment

This calculator helps you understand the unit economics and profitability of your rental assets.

The purchase cost of a single rental item or unit.
Estimated number of times the asset can be rented out over its full useful life before being retired or resold.
Percentage of days the asset is expected to be in use (rented out) each month.
Average revenue generated from one rental transaction.
Includes maintenance, cleaning, delivery, handling, or other service costs incurred per rental cycle.
Estimated recovery value when the asset is resold at the end of its lifecycle.
Revenue Potential: —
Net Profit: —
Net Profit Margin: —
Turns to Breakeven: —
Time to Breakeven: —

Profitability Levers of an Equipment Rental Business

High-margin theory can quickly turn into low-margin reality when inventory sits idle, processes break down, fixed costs bloat, or pricing gets sloppy.

Here are the levers that drive real margin in rental:

1. Utilization: Make Your Inventory Earn Its Keep

Maximize Utilization Intelligently

Utilization is the cornerstone of rental profitability. The higher the number of days an item is rented per month, the faster it covers its initial cost, and the more it contributes to margin. Smart rental business owners track utilization rate per item, not just at the business level.

You can boost utilization by:

  • Improving turnaround times between rentals
  • Automating availability status
  • Bundling low-demand items with top-performers

Use real-time data to identify underperforming assets early, so you can rotate, reposition, or retire them before they drag down your ROI.

Planning for seasonality is also essential. Adjust inventory levels based on historical demand patterns, and shift items between locations to match regional peaks.

Don't Let Inventory Sit Idle

A product that isn’t rented is a product that’s costing you money. Idle inventory ties up capital, eats into storage space, and delays payback. It’s especially harmful when overlooked, sitting quietly in your warehouse while new gear is being added unnecessarily.

Another mistake is ignoring seasonal cash flow risks. Businesses with strong summer demand often forget that overhead continues through slower months. Without proper planning, the winter lull can wipe out your summer gains.

Key Takeaways

  • Track utilization rate per item — aim for 50–80% on high-yield gear
  • Tighten turnaround and automate availability
  • Bundle or discount underperforming inventory
  • Adjust inventory mix seasonally and regionally
  • Idle gear isn't neutral — it's a liability

2. Pricing: Don’t Leave Money on the Table

Price Strategically and Dynamically

Smart pricing is one of the most powerful levers in a rental business. Unlike retail, where price is often fixed, the rental model allows you to vary pricing based on timing, duration, customer segment, and demand conditions.

Use dynamic pricing rules to adjust rental rates during weekends, holidays, and peak seasons. Offer tiered pricing for longer rentals or repeat customers. Add charges for services like delivery, setup, or insurance — these are not hidden fees, they’re value-priced convenience add-ons.

Moreover, segment your customer base as it grows. A casual renter may pay full day rates, while a high-frequency customer or subscriber could benefit from loyalty-based pricing. All of this can be managed and automated with TWICE, so you don’t need to handle pricing manually.

Don't Set-and-Forget or Copy the Competition

Too many rental businesses use flat pricing based on competitor benchmarks or gut instinct. That leaves significant revenue on the table, especially during high-demand periods or with high-convenience use cases.

Set-it-and-forget-it pricing also ignores customer diversity. You’re not pricing the item — you’re pricing access to it, including availability, reliability, and service. Charging the same rate across customer types and booking patterns means you’re likely undercharging your best opportunities and overcharging your most price-sensitive prospects.

Key Takeaways

  • Use dynamic pricing based on season, demand, duration, and customer type
  • Add value-based fees for delivery, insurance, or short-notice bookings
  • Segment your pricing strategy by customer behavior and rental history
  • Avoid “copycat pricing” — your value is unique, so your pricing should reflect it
  • Use automation to maintain consistency without added admin

3. Operational Efficiency: Scale Without Adding Overhead

Automate the Routine, Standardize the Rest

Operational efficiency is where rental businesses either scale profitably or collapse under the weight of manual work. Every task that requires a human touchpoint, from sending confirmations to inspecting returns, adds cost. Multiply that across hundreds of transactions per month, and your margins start to evaporate.

The solution isn’t more staff — it’s better systems. Automate routine tasks like check-in/check-out workflows, inventory status updates, waiver collection, and contract generation. Standardize your repair and reconditioning steps so inventory gets returned to rentable condition faster, with fewer errors.

Use a platform like TWICE to create smart workflows tied to asset condition, usage, and status. The goal is to reduce friction and boost inventory productivity without inflating your headcount or adding complexity.

Don't Rely on Manual Processes to Manage Volume

Spreadsheets, handwritten inspection forms, and ad hoc communication work when you’re handling five rentals a week — not 50. As volume grows, manual systems crack. They cause double bookings, missed returns, delays in asset readiness, and staff burnout.

Worse, they introduce inconsistency. If one person handles a return differently than another, you lose operational reliability and trust. Manual oversight leads to errors, which lead to refunds, downtime, or even lost equipment.

Key Takeaways

  • Automate booking flows, confirmations, and document handling
  • Standardize maintenance and return-to-service processes
  • Use digital workflows to trigger the right actions at the right time
  • Avoid relying on spreadsheets or staff memory for core operations
  • Operational chaos kills margins — automation protects them

4. Maintenance & Lifecycle: Protect the Assets That Drive Your Revenue

Treat Maintenance as a Margin Strategy

Every item in your rental fleet is a revenue-generating asset — but only if it’s in rentable condition. Maintenance isn’t just about avoiding downtime; it’s about maximizing each item’s lifetime value.

Establish a preventative maintenance schedule based on usage, not guesswork. Inspect gear at every return, log condition updates, and automate service triggers when thresholds are met. Use lifecycle data to plan for refurbishing or retiring items before they become a liability.

Done right, maintenance extends asset life, improves safety, and ensures customer satisfaction. It also feeds your resale strategy: knowing when an item has peaked in value allows you to offload it while it still holds profit.

TWICE gives you full visibility into item condition, service history, and usage trends — so your maintenance is proactive, not reactive.

Don't Ignore Wear and Delay Repairs

Many operators wait until something breaks to fix it. That’s expensive, risky, and often too late. Damaged gear not only creates refund risk and downtime, but it also hurts your brand and opens the door to liability issues.

Skipping inspections or delaying service to save in maintenance costs is a terrible idea. Gear may be rented in unsafe or subpar condition, leading to higher replacement costs and lost trust. And by the time you’re ready to sell it, resale value has cratered.

Key Takeaways

  • Maintenance is a profit lever, not just a safety measure
  • Inspect items at every return and log condition consistently
  • Automate service workflows based on usage thresholds
  • Use lifecycle tracking to identify resale timing
  • Deferred maintenance leads to downtime, replacement costs, and reputational risk

5. Cost Structure: Protect Margin from Fixed and Hidden Costs

Know Your Cost Drivers and Keep Them Flexible

Revenue grows with smart decisions. Costs grow with sloppy ones. The businesses that survive in rental, especially during lean periods, are those that understand and tightly manage their cost structure.

Start by separating the cost of goods sold (COGS) (inventory, maintenance, depreciation) from the operational expenses (OPEX) (labor, rent, software, logistics). Track these categories independently so you can spot inefficiencies early. Use forecasting tools to model overhead as a percentage of rental volume, and stress-test profitability in low-season or flat-growth scenarios.

One of the easiest ways to reduce operational costs is by locking in multi-year deals for major cost centers like rent of premises and software licenses. It’s not uncommon to see 20–30% cost savings versus month-to-month pricing. Yes, you give up some flexibility — but if your business is stable and demand is proven, you’re not really taking on risk. You’re just improving your margin.

Beyond long-term commitments, look for areas where variable costs can scale more smoothly than fixed ones. Outsourcing delivery, using on-demand labor, or investing in tech over headcount can make your business more resilient and margin-positive even during dips.

Don't Let Fixed Costs and Manual Overhead Spiral

Many rental businesses build infrastructure for peak season and carry the cost all year. That’s a mistake. Unused warehouse space, idle staff, and bloated tech stacks eat up profit when volume slows.

Even worse: hidden costs often go unnoticed, like refund risk from poor asset tracking, or customer churn caused by operational mistakes. If you can’t trace where the margin is lost, you can’t fix it.

Manual labor is another trap. If you throw more people at process problems instead of solving them with automation, your margins shrink every time you grow.

Key Takeaways

  • Know your cost structure: COGS vs. OPEX
  • Keep fixed costs lean and variable costs scalable
  • Automate before hiring — tech scales, people cost
  • Model overhead under different demand scenarios
  • Use tools like TWICE to track, predict, and optimize per-transaction costs

6. Other Considerations

Not every profitability driver fits into a spreadsheet. These tactical choices may not show up in your unit economics model — but they show up in your operations, cash flow, and scalability.

Plan for Seasonality

Rental demand fluctuates. Don’t build your business assuming every month is peak season. Forecast demand swings, align your cost base, and consider off-season products like gear storage, prepaid credits, or subscriptions. Use multi-location logistics to shift inventory to where demand is rising — not where it was last year.

Standardize Your Rental Fleet

The more consistent your inventory, the more efficient your operations. Standardizing your fleet simplifies staff training, reduces errors, speeds up maintenance, and makes sourcing spare parts and accessories easier and cheaper. It also enables you to scale more predictably across locations.

Control SKU Creep

Adding too many product types too fast creates complexity. It fragments maintenance, support, and forecasting. Focus on high-yield categories and tighten your product catalog before expanding.

Treat Returns as a Workflow — Not a Backlog

Returns are not just the end of a transaction — they’re the start of the next one. Automate check-in, condition reporting, and re-listing so assets don’t sit idle. Build return efficiency into your revenue model.

Quick Wins Recap

  • Forecast and plan for seasonal cash flow swings
  • Standardize fleet to reduce training and sourcing overhead
  • Avoid SKU creep — optimize before expanding
  • Automate the return-to-ready process for faster inventory turnaround

When Rental Beats Sales: Clear Use Cases

Retail gets paid once. Rental gets paid again and again — off the same item. Rentals outperform sales when you can turn an item multiple times without incurring high costs or asset losses. The key drivers are asset turnover, depreciation recovery, operating efficiency, and pricing power. Rentals work best in categories where products retain utility across users and degrade slowly — enabling higher total revenue per unit than a one-time sale.

Rental Wins When:

  • Customers only need short-term access (e.g. occasions, projects, events) and are willing to pay relatively high daily rates compared to inherent product value
  • Item holds resale value or utility across multiple users. Timeless and durable products.
  • Brand positioning favors access over ownership.
  • Category supports reprocessing, logistics, and returns easily. Repairable, composable and easy to ship products.

Sales Win When:

  • Customer needs long-term ownership.
  • Cost of refurbishment/logistics outweighs rental margin.
  • Item loses appeal or degrades quickly.

Tech Stack Matters: How the Right Tools Drive Margins

Profit in rental isn’t just about gear. It’s about how well you manage it. Manual processes, fragmented tools, and clunky workflows quietly bleed your margin — one missed return, one lost asset, one scheduling error at a time.

That’s where your tech stack comes in. A purpose-built system doesn’t just make operations easier — it makes them profitable.

Equipment rental software can significantly streamline operations and enhance profitability for rental businesses. By automating tasks, managing bookings, and improving asset utilization, equipment rental software reduces administrative burdens and increases efficiency in various rental operations.

Automation Cuts Costs, Not Corners

Labor is one of the largest expenses in a rental business. If you’re relying on staff to handle routine tasks like:

  • Confirming bookings
  • Sending pickup reminders
  • Updating availability
  • Manually re-listing returns

You’re leaking hours — and burning profit.

With the right platform, these steps are automated. TWICE users save hours per week by automating lifecycle tasks like check-in, condition assessments, contract generation, and inventory syncing across storefronts.

Lifecycle Tracking = Higher Asset ROI

You don’t manage rental inventory like retail stock. Every item has a unique history: where it's been, how often it's used, what condition it's in, and whether it's ready to be rented or resold.

TWICE tracks:

  • Individual item condition and maintenance status
  • Real-time location across multiple storefronts
  • Usage history, depreciation, and resale readiness

This means you don’t just know what you have — you know what it’s worth, when it’s paying off, and when to retire or resell it.

Real-Time Pricing and Availability Control

Pricing shouldn’t be static. Rental value depends on seasonality, duration, demand, and customer type.

Platforms like TWICE let you:

  • Adjust pricing dynamically (e.g. weekday vs. weekend, short vs. long-term)
  • Show real-time availability to reduce booking errors
  • Restrict or promote inventory by user segment or season

Smart pricing = higher yield per asset, without adding more stock.

From Return to Revenue — Fast

Idle inventory is dead inventory. TWICE enables workflows where:

  • Returned items are scanned, inspected, and automatically re-listed
  • Staff are notified when items require repair or cleaning
  • Ready-to-rent items are prioritized in availability

The result? Faster turnarounds, higher utilization, and more revenue per item.

Bottom line: if your rental business is still relying on retail tools, generic CRMs, or custom spreadsheets, you're operating at a disadvantage.

The right tech stack isn’t a luxury — it’s a profit lever.

Retail + Rental: Why Hybrid Models Are the Future

We have heard numerous times that we do not want to rent because it cannibalizes sales. This is a lazy argument.

Rentals are not just a marketing gimmick, but a strategic revenue extension. The rental industry is rapidly growing, offering new business opportunities and meeting the increasing consumer preference for renting over ownership. It’s not about replacing retail — it’s about giving inventory a longer, more profitable life.

More Revenue Per Item, Across More Transactions

A product sold is a one-time revenue event.

A product rented 10 times before being sold is 11 revenue events — with fewer logistics, lower marketing costs, and often, higher total margin.

It’s inventory amortization through reuse — and it makes unit economics work harder.

Reduce Overstock, Monetize Slow-Movers

Retailers always carry inventory risk. Wrong size. Wrong season. Too much stock.

But rental changes that game:

  • Turn unsold inventory into rental-ready stock
  • Convert returns or display models into short-term rentals
  • Create seasonal or limited-time rental bundles to test demand

Instead of discounting dead stock, monetize it — then resell it.

Cross-Sell and Upsell Synergies

Retail + rental enables powerful merchandising:

  • Upsell accessories with rentals (e.g., helmet with bike, lens with camera)
  • Cross-sell products post-rental (e.g., “Loved it? Buy it at a discount.”)
  • Offer bundles that combine ownership and access (e.g., buy cement, rent the mixer)
  • Create additional revenue streams through related services (e.g. maintenance, training, experiences, delivery, etc.)

Every rental touchpoint becomes a chance to generate more margin.

Serve More Customer Types

Not every customer wants to own. Rental lets you to tailor marketing strategies and enhance customer engagement for specific target audiences:

  • First-timers testing a product
  • Budget-conscious shoppers
  • Travelers or short-term users
  • Sustainability-focused consumers

Retail-only businesses miss this segment entirely. Rental brings them into your ecosystem — and often converts them to buyers later.

TWICE Enables Seamless Hybrid Setups

Most platforms force you to choose: rental or retail. TWICE was built for both in a single backend.

You can:

  • Run a unified storefront where customers rent, buy, or subscribe in the same checkout
  • Track inventory across both models (with lifecycle status)
  • Trigger resale pricing based on item use and condition

One system. All revenue streams.

Hybrid commerce is already here. The only question is whether your stack — and your margins — are built to support it.

Conclusion: Profit Comes from Precision — Not Guesswork

Rental is not inherently more profitable than selling — but when utilization, durability, and operational efficiency align, it can dramatically outperform. Not just in gross margin, but in how it extends customer lifetime value and creates recurring revenue from the same asset, over and over again.

What separates high-performing rental operators from everyone else isn’t their storefront — it’s how precisely they manage the business behind it.

They don’t guess at profitability. They model it — per item, per transaction, and across the full lifecycle. They build pricing structures that prioritize breakeven within 3–6 months. They automate, outsource, and standardize wherever possible, so margin scales without headcount. They recognize that not every item will be a winner — and some gear will be “sacrificial” as they dial in optimal turnover rates.

They also stay flexible: if an item doesn’t rent, it can still be sold. That’s the hidden strength of recommerce models. Rental isn’t isolated — it’s one part of a smarter, more circular inventory strategy that includes subscriptions, resale, buybacks, and liquidation. Cross-selling between rental and resale isn’t just good economics — it’s built-in risk mitigation.

Strategic Takeaways for Circular Operators

  • Track unit-level profitability across the lifecycle — not just per transaction
  • Target payback within 3–6 months
  • Automate or outsource operations to scale margin, not headcount
  • Accept trial-and-error with inventory as part of optimization
  • Cross-sell rentals and resale to maximize asset ROI

Final Word

Rental works — but only when you run it like a system.

If you’re serious about turning access into a real business model, TWICE gives you the tools to do it profitably, efficiently, and at scale. From first rental to final resale, this isn’t just a different channel — it’s a smarter way to make commerce circular.

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